Products:

1. Low-erosion filler metals for brazing titanium alloys and titanium aluminides

2. Heat-resistant brazing filler metals

3. Low-temperature filler metals for brazing thin-wall titanium articles

4. Filler metals for brazing titanium to aluminum at 550-580°C (1022-1076°F)

5. Filler metals for brazing magnesium at 600-630°C (1110-1166°F) 

6. Unique Products 

  1. Low-erosion filler metals for brazing titanium alloys and titanium aluminides

We produce Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni near-eutectic alloys having the lowest melting points and brazing temperatures amid all conventional filler metals for vacuum joining of titanium. Consequently, brazing with these alloys is carried out at the temperatures below beta-transus points of such base materials as Ti-6Al-4V or titanium Grade 2. We also produce Ti-15Cu-25Ni ( our brand is TiBraze15-25) that has lower brazing temperature than widely used Ti-15Cu-15Ni.

Compositions and brazing temperatures of these alloys are shown in Table 1.

Table 1
Low-erosion filler metals for brazing titanium at 850-1050 °C (1560-1920 °F)

Brazing Alloy	Composition, wt.%	Brazing Temperature, °Ñ (°F)	Melting temperatures, °C (°F)
			Solidus	Liquidus
TiBraze375	Ti-37.5Zr-15Cu-10Ni	850-880 (1560-1620)	825 (1510)	835 (1535)
TiBraze375-Mo	Ti-37.5Zr-15Cu-10Ni-1Mo	850-880 (1560-1620)	825 (1510)	835 (1535)
TiBraze240	Ti-24Zr-16Cu-16Ni-0.5Mo	890-920 (1630-1690)	835 (1535)	850 (1560)
TiBraze260	Ti-26Zr-14Cu-14Ni-0.5Mo	880-920 (1620-1690)	840 (1544)	860 (1580)
TiBraze200	Ti-20Zr-20Cu-20Ni	870-900 (1600-1650)	848 (1555)	856 (1572)
TiBraze200-Mo	Ti-20Zr-20Cu-20Ni-1Mo	870-900 (1600-1650)	848 (1555)	856 (1572)
TiBraze15-25	Ti-15Cu-25Ni	930-950 (1705-1740)	901 (1653)	915 (1679)

* Small size order is 2 lbs
** Small size orders up to 10 lbs are delivered within 2-4 weeks, orders over 10 lbs are delivered within 4-8 weeks.

All filler metals of Table 1 are supplied in the form of powdered foils 200-300 microns (0.008-0.012 inch) thick and customized width from 2 inches to 8 inches. Foils are supplied in the form of flat strips, see picture below.  Narrow bands can be cut by inclined throat shears, at the customer side.

All brazing alloys (esp. of Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni system) can be modified with small amounts of Hf, Nb, Mo, Cr, or Pd to improve mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and decrease brazing erosion on titanium base metal.

All these alloys provide satisfactory strength of brazed joints in the working temperature region from RT up to 500°C (930°F). We consider low-erosion Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni near-eutectic alloys to be the most promising filler metals on the market for brazing titanium heat exchangers, honeycombs, or other foil structures.

Also, filler metals TiBraze375 and TiBraze260 were successfully used for brazing titanium aluminides.

OUR PRICES ARE DEFINITELY THE LOWEST ON THE MARKET TODAY,
ESPECIALLY FOR SMALL ORDERS.

All these titanium brazing alloys are being used now in aerospace applications for joining parts of airframe, chassis, and life-support systems (such as honeycomb wings, fuel tanks, stringer components, sandwich-like wing sections, heat exchangers, armor cooling systems, reverse grits, tubing, bulletproof doors), and parts of gas turbine or rocket engines (such as fan blades, compressor vanes, duffusor, disks and seals, nozzle flaps, collar and adapter of combustion chamber, acoustic tile pipes and cowls, impellers, low-pressure turbine seal support, and lightweight honeycomb panels).

Brazing alloys TiBraze375 and TiBraze240 were used for joining fuel cell membranes for prospective engine applications in the automotive industry.

Figure: Powdered Foil TiBraze375 of 300 microns thickness. 

All these titanium brazing alloys are suitable for vacuum brazing of the follows base materials:

     CP Titanium from Grade 1 to Grade 4

     All Titanium alloys including Ti-6Al-4V,  Ti-5Al-2Sn, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Ti-6Al-2Sn-6V, 

                                                                            Ti-3Al-11Cr-13V, or  Timet 21S

     High performance cast and wrought titanium alloys such as Ti-1100, Ti-6242, and IMI834

     Gamma-Titanium Aluminide alloys such as Ti-46Al-5Nb-1W, Ti-48Al-2Cr, Ti-48Al-2V-4Nb,  

                                                                           and  Ti-46Al-2W-0.5Si (atomic %)

     Alpha-2 Titanium Aluminide alloys such as Ti-24Al-11Nb, Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo, and

                                                           Ti-22Al-27Nb, Ti-24Al-17Nb-1Mo (atomic %)

     Titanium metal matrix composites such as SiC/Ti-6Al-4V and SiC/Ti-24Al-11Nb

     Niobium and niobium-based alloys    

     Ceramics and ceramic composites

     Graphite and carbon-carbon composites

 2. Heat-resistant brazing filler metals

In 2004, we started to produce new filler metals for brazing molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, iron aluminides, nickel aluminides, graphite, and ceramics at ?2192°F (1200°C) to provide reliable work of joints at 600-1000°C. The filler metal TiBraze 1200 is designed specially for TiAl and NiAl joints working up to 800°C (1470°F).

Compositions, temperatures, and prices showed in Table 2.

These filler metals are supplied in the form of -100 mesh and +100 mesh powders

Table 2
Heat-resistant filler metals for brazing titanium, graphite, and refractory metals at 1180-1530 °C (2156-2786°F)

* Small size order is 1 lb
** Small size order up to 10 lbs is delivered within 2-4 weeks, orders over 10 lbs are delivered within 4-8 weeks.

The brazing filler metal TiBraze1450 exhibits shear strength of molybdenum joints 132 MPa at 980°C (1800°F), the brazing filler metal TiBraze1500 - 49-57 MPa at 1100°C (2010°F), and all five alloys showed over 600 MPa at room temperature.

The brazing filler metal TiBraze1200 exhibits shear strength of titanium 52-59 ksi (359-407 MPa) at 540°C (1000°F).

The brazing filler metals TiBraze1200 and TiBraze1350 are suitable for manufacturing heat-resistant joints of titanium aluminide-, nickel aluminide-, and iron aluminide-based alloys.

The joints of hot-pressed and extruded TiAl alloys brazed by filler metals TiBraze1200 and TiBraze1200A are stable up to 900°C (1650°F).

 3. Low-temperature filler metals for brazing thin-wall titanium articles

We also have experience in the application of aluminum-based filler metals for brazing titanium at low temperature in vacuum or in air (Table 3-1) either for manufacturing structural joint or for repair purposes. These brazing filler metals are supplied in the form of wire or foil (Table 3-2).  Strength of titanium brazed joints is presented in Table 3-3. 

Aluminum-based brazing filler metals are based on Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Cu-Si eutectics, and modified with Cr and Ti to refine microstructure of brazing joints, and with Beryllium to suppress an ignition during the torch brazing. These filler metals can be used for torch brazing of thin-wall titanium or aluminum articles, for example, for brazing tubing, and repairing fin-plate heat exchangers or honeycomb structures. Torch brazing is carried out with proprietary non-toxic fluxes TBF-42 or TBF-60 based on fluoride and chloride systems.

Brazing filler metals listed in Tables 3-1 and 4 are suitable for vacuum brazing of titanium at the temperatures significantly lower than conventional silver-based and titanium-based filler metals. For new applications and for brazing dissimilar metals, we still recommend evaluation of wetting and gap filling abilities of these new filler metals, as well as testing the strength of brazed joints.    

Pictures followed after Tables represent examples of brazed joints made using Aluminum-based filler metals: titanium-to-titanium and titanium-to-copper.    

Table 3-1
Low-temperature Aluminum-based filler metals for brazing at 590-720°C (1095-1328°F)

Brazing Alloy	Composition, wt.%	Brazing Temperature, °C (°F)	Melting temperatures, °C ( °F)
			Solidus	Liquidus
TiBrazeAl-600	Al-12Si-0.8Fe-0.3Cu *	590-620 (1095-1148)	570(1058)	580(1076)
TiBrazeAl-665	Al-2.5Mg-0.2Si-0.4Fe-0.2Cr	630-660 (1166-1220)	610(1130)	645(1195)
TiBrazeAl-635	Al-4.5Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn-0.4Si	660-700 (1220-1292)	510(950)	635(1175)
TiBrazeAl-642	Al-5.3Si-0.8Fe-0.3Cu-0.2Ti *	650-680 (1202-1256)	602 (1115)	645(1195)
TiBrazeAl-645	Al-(4.3-5.5)Mg-0.2Si-0.4Fe-0.2Ti-0.2Cr *	640-660 (1184-1220)	550(1022)	620(1148)
TiBrazeAl-655	Al-6.3Cu-0.3Mn-0.2Si-0.2Ti-0.2Zr *	650-670(1202-1238)	545(1110)	645(1190)
TiBrazeAl-648	Al-4Mg-0.5Mn-0.4Si-0.2Cr	640-680(1184-1256)	575(1065)	635(1175)
TiBrazeAl-650	Al-39Cu-7Si-2.5Sn-0.1P (composite, cladded foil)	650-720 (1202-1328)	600(1110)	650(1202)
TiBrazeAl-700	Al-21.5Ni-9Cu-9.6Si (composite, cladded foil)	700-720(1292-1328)	610(1130)	670(1238)
TiBrazeAl-720	Al-57Cu-5.2Si-0.3Fe (composite, cladded foil)	720-750(1328-1382)	600(1110)	720(1328)

* Filler metals contain (0.0006-0.0008) wt.% of Be to prevent self-ignition

Table 3-2
Foils and wires of low-temperature Aluminum-based filler metals

Brazing Alloy	UNS (ISO R209)	Wire diameter, inch (mm)	Foil thickness, inch (mm)	Brazing Temperature, oС (oF)
TiBrazeAl-600	A94047 (BAlSi-4)	1/16 (1.6 mm)	0.003" (80 microns)	590-620 (1095-1148)
TiBrazeAl-665	A95052		0.001" (25 microns)	630-660 (1166-1220)
TiBrazeAl-635	A92024		0.016" (0.4 mm)	660-700 (1220-1292)
TiBrazeAl-642	A94043 (BAlSi-5)	0.030" (0.8 mm)		650-680 (1202-1256)
TiBrazeAl-645	A95356	0.030" (0.8 mm)		640-660 (1184-1220)
TiBrazeAl-655	A92319	0.030" (0.8 mm)		650-670(1202-1238)
TiBrazeAl-648	A95086		1/8" (3.2 mm)	640-680(1184-1256)
TiBrazeAl-650	-		0.0125" (~0.32 mm)	650-720 (1202-1328)
TiBrazeAl-700	-		0.012" (~0.30 mm)	700-720(1292-1328)
TiBrazeAl-720	-		0.0125" (~0.32 mm)	720-750(1328-1382)

Table 3-3
Shear strength of titanium lap joints manufactured by brazing using
foils of new aluminum-based filler metals (the bottom values are averages)

Brazing Alloy	Composition, wt.%	Titanium base metal	Shear strength of brazed joints (at room temperature)
			MPa	ksi
TiBrazeAl-600	Al-12Si-0.8Fe	Grade 2	63.4-71.7 69.6	9.2-10.4 10.1
		Ti-6Al-4V	68.5-78.8 74.2	9.9-11.4 10.8
TiBrazeAl-665	Al-2.5Mg-0.2Si-0.4Fe-0.2Cr	Grade 2	92.0-99.8 97.6	13.3-14.5 14.1
		Ti-6Al-4V	97.7-114.0 110.4	14.2-16.5 16.0
TiBrazeAl-635	Al-4.5Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn-0.4Si	Grade 2	78.7-117.4 100.8	11.4-17.0 14.6
		Ti-6Al-4V	114.4-158.7 136.6	16.6-23.0 19.8
TiBrazeAl-700	Al-21.5Ni-9Cu-9.6Si (composite, cladded foil)	Grade 2	70.4-88.3 81.6	10.2-12.8 11.8
		Ti-6Al-4V	106.2-140.6 127.3	15.4-20.4 18.4
TiBrazeAl-642	Al-5.3Si-0.8Fe-0.3Cu-0.2Ti	Grade 2	66.4-79.3 74.6	9.6-11.4 10.8
TiBrazeAl-645	Al-(4.3-5.5)Mg-0.2Si-0.4Fe-0.2Ti-0.2Cr	Grade 2	71.8-89.6 82.9	10.4-13.0 12.0
TiBrazeAl-655	Al-6.3Cu-0.3Mn-0.2Si-0.2Ti-0.2Zr	Grade 2	117.5-152.3 131.4	17.0-22.1 19.0
TiBrazeAl-648	Al-4Mg-0.5Mn-0.4Si-0.2Cr	Grade 2	75.9-96.6 87.2	11.0-14.0 12.6
		Ti-6Al-4V	76.0-117.3 99.4	11.0-17.1 14.4
TiBrazeAl-650	Al-39Cu-7Si-2.5Sn-0.1P (composite, cladded foil)	Grade 2	68.4-87.6 80.6	9.9-12.7 11.7
		Ti-6Al-4V	101.2-122.6 112.5	14.7-17.8 16.3

Titanium Grade 2 brazed in vacuum at 700°C (1292°F)
using TiBrazingAl-665 foil 0.24 mm thick filler metal

Titanium Grade 2 brazed to Copper in vacuum at 700°C (1292°F)
using TiBrazingAl-700 foil 0.29 mm thick filler metal

Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) brazed in air using
TiBrazingAl-635 foil 0.4 mm thick as a filler metal

      4. Filler metals for brazing titanium to aluminum at 550-580°C (1022-1076°F)

      Copper foil 0.0007” (17 microns) thick is supplied as a filler metal for vacuum brazing titanium to aluminum alloys A3003, A6061, and others. Liquid Al-Cu braze alloy is formed during brazing due to the eutectic reaction in contact of copper foil with the aluminum base metal. The Al-Cu liquid braze alloy reacts with titanium base metal too, providing excellent wetting of both base metals and flow in the joint gap. The structure of brazed joint is shown in picture below. Copper foil preforms can be used together with aluminum foils TiBrazeAl-600 (Al-12Si) or TiBrazeAl-665 (Al-2.5Mg) see Table 3-1, above. Titanium and aluminum parts to be brazed should be slightly compressed during brazing in order to provide contact of base metals with copper foil or aluminum-copper laminated foils that are used as filler metals. Compositions of brazing filler metals that can be obtained when using these three foils in different combinations are presented in Table 4.  

Table 4
Al-Cu foil-based filler metals for brazing titanium to aluminum

Microstructure of a titanium-to-aluminum brazed joint: Titanium Grade 2 brazed to aluminum A3003
in vacuum at 580 ^oC (1076 ^oF) using double-layer filler metal:--copper foil
(17 microns thick) + TiBrazeAl-600 foil (80 microns thick) as a filler metal.

5. Filler metals for brazing magnesium at 600-630°C (1110-1166°F) 

Table 5
Low-temperature Mg-based filler metals for brazing at 590-650°C (1095-1200°F)

If you have any questions, feel free to call (614) 886-7519 or send a message ashapiro@titanium-brazing.com.